Scientists, don't talk down to the the public

GM mosquitos designed to prevent outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever might be a great idea. (article here)

And I agree that “Some people don’t want to see GE (genetically engineered) anything,” says entomologist Raymond St. Leger, distinguished university professor at the University of Maryland. “It’s an emotional response. It’s hard to reason people out of a decision they didn’t reason themselves into.”

BUT when scientists say things like “The anti-GM mosquito, sterile-insect people have become a lunatic fringe,” says Miller of UC Riverside. “They have no argument that makes any sense.”

Then I think they've failed everyone and lost the argument. If you can't find common ground, then resorting to name-calling (stupid, uninformed, lunatic) is lazy and incompetent.

Please scientists, use your intelligence to frame your understanding of science in a way that can make sense to people. Don't be a boor. 

Open Letter to the City University of New York

So it looks like my alma mater - The City University of New York Graduate Center - may restructure the science graduate programs. There's a plan to eliminate the Biology Program from the central Graduate Center and 'send' the PhD programs to the individual campuses. The problem for the Plant Sciences subprogram is that it is currently housed almost exclusively at Lehman College, which cannot at this time give PhD degrees. This would essentially kill a large, vibrant botany PhD program, and leave me feeling orphaned.

I am still gathering information, but some information on the plan can be found in Dr. Small's address at this link.

Today I sent this letter to a couple people:

Dr. Laurel Eckhart, Executive Officer of the Biology Doctoral Program (Leckhardt@gc.cuny.edu)

Dr. Gillian Small, CUNY Vice Chancellor of Research (Gillian.small@mail.cuny.edu)

Adjie Henderson, CUNY Graduate Dean of Sciences   (ahenderson@gc.cuny.edu)

Dear XXXXXX,

This week I received an appeal letter from Dr. Laurel Eckhardt on behalf of the CUNY Biology Doctoral Program asking for support for the Biology doctoral students at CUNY.

I am a proud CUNY alumnus, and would love to support the program, but I have heard rumors about the program that I would like to have clarified before I can commit any support.

It is my understanding that the Graduate Center intends to move the PhD programs from the 365 Fifth Ave to individual CUNY campuses. At the moment, the Plant Sciences subprogram is essentially housed at Lehman College. When I was a student (2000-2007), half of the CUNY Plant Science students were advised by faculty at Lehman, and the other half were mentoring with adjunct faculty at the New York Botanical Garden.

If Lehman College cannot house a PhD program, then I ask you: What will happen to the Plant Sciences subprogram?

The CUNY Plant Science subprogram is one of the largest and most important Botany doctoral programs in the country, and attracts students from all over the world. The NYBG is the largest botanical research institution in the country. The program admits not only the most promising botanists in the world, but also non-traditional students like myself. As a Philosophy undergraduate, I decided to pursue my PhD  several years after graduating from the University of Wisconsin with a BA. After talking my way into several doctoral-level classes, I was admitted to the program, granted a Science Fellowship, and then secured a 5-year F32 individual NRSA from the NIH, which allowed me to completed my doctoral training with several first-author publications in top-tier journals. I went on to a successful postdoc at Weill Cornell Medical College before taking an R&D position with J&J.

I am thankful that my thesis advisor (Edward Kennelly) saw in me the potential to excel, and that the CUNY plant sciences subprogram gave me the opportunity to achieve in a way that would have been difficult given my atypical background.

I have a great fondness for public education in general , and for CUNY specifically. I have always looked forward to the time when I would be able to give back to the program that helped put me on my career path. I applaud the efforts to support students that were outlined in the letter I received. Students need support; without it, I certainly would not have succeeded.

But if the program that granted me a PhD is dismantled, I will feel orphaned and alienated. Until I am sure that the Plant Science program is secure, I do  not feel that I can support my alma mater.

Please feel free to reach out to me at your convenience.

Best,

Kurt

Being Settled Can Be Unsettling

A recent find while hiking in tropical Central America

I have one lab bench that's always a bit messy. Dirty. And I mean dirty. But not dirt, per se. An old greenhouse manager friend would scoff and call it "soil." Anyway, this particular corner of my lab has some makeshift supports thrown together to support some fluorescent light arrangements for starting seeds and nurturing along various tropical plants that make it into my lab during the cold months. It's one of the joys of being a natural products chemist and having my own lab.

Some 15 years ago, I went to talk to Michael Balick at the NYBG when I was thinking about going back to school to study Ethnobotany. I told him what I was thinking about, and I think he was looking for all kinds of ways to discourage me from the field. One question he did ask that has stuck with me was, "Imagine yourself in 10-15 years, and where you'd like to be working and what you could see yourself doing."

Interestingly, my first though was that I wanted to have a lab and greenhouses and gardens.

I had decided that I wanted to study Ethnobotany because I loved plants, the tropics, and was fascinated by the use of plant chemistry. Later as I got into school, I came to realize that I was less keen on being an anthropologist. Around the same time, I became a father and got an NIH award for a phytochemisty project - both those things made it harder to take of for months at a time to the forests of the Western Ghats (where I wanted to do fieldwork).  And so that secured my place behind the bench, running columns, HPLC, doing MS/MS experiments, and trying to get the best shim out of our 300 MHz NMR so that I could try to get carbons on a couple mgs of sample.

But I also worked in the greenhouse as a grad student. I think about Balick's question at the time, but I had my lab and my greenhouse. And many years later, after a molecular pharmacology postdoc, I've got my industry job as a phytochemist. I like to say I'm the only botanist in the company. And one of the few who might claim some sort of natural products chemistry background. And again I have my own lab (I wish I had postdocs or other help) and a large garden plot on site. No greenhouse (yet), but I do have lights set
up in my lab to start seeds and keep some tropical plants happy through the winter months. A little soil on the counter top of one bench isn't going to bother anyone but me, after all.

So here I am, with what should be a dream job. And in a lot of ways it is. But there's still something unsettling about being "settled" for me. My wanderlust is always there, the attraction to the field, the place where all that botany and chemistry originates. It's the set and setting that makes the magic of science come to life, I think.

Cheminformatics, here I come

So as a phytochemist, what I tend to do is make an extract (usually solvent-based) of a plant, and then follow some sort of bioactivity-guided fractionation to get to pure bioactive compounds. Then I figure out chemical identity (dereplication) or the chemical structure (elucidation) using PDA, MS, NMR, etc...

The first question when doing this sort of work is: where to start? What plant to pick? There's lots of ways to go about that, and I won't get into it here... (traditional medicine, ethnobotany, chemotaxonomy, pharmacology, biochemistry, a hunch, etc.) Basically, I've done all that and now I'm going to try attacking it from a slightly different angle. Or maybe I'm going to use those same approaches, but try and automate it a little by farming some of the work out to my computer rather than rely solely on my own brain.

Informatics!

So I'm trying to teach myself new computer programs, and digging into the Web to find new resources. Virtual screening, protein modeling, docking, databases of virtual compounds... sounds so futuristic. But the term was coined in the early 1990s. Hmm... 

We'll see where this goes. At some point, maybe I'll talk about the programs I've started using. Right now I'm not at a place to pass judgement. Feel free to leave any comments on tutorials, programs, etc.

You knew that when you contacted me

I get a lot of invitations to connect via LinkedIn from people I don't know. <Delete> But sometimes there's a personal message that encourages me to take a closer look. So a couple weeks ago, I got one that included some remarks about my impressive research record on a particular plant and mention of "working with" someone I know and respect. Looking at his profile, I saw that he has some business exporting medicinal plants from Brazil. This seemed remarkable to me, since it is notoriously difficult to take genetic resources of any kind out of Brazil, except perhaps for general commodities. I was intrigued to hear a little bit more about how he's managed to negotiate CBD international treaties and work in Brazil...

So I accepted his invitation, and he sent me another email describing an interest in a fruit that I had studied. I had published a paper or tow on the phytochemistry of this fruit, and he wanted to talk to me about it. OK, why not..? The last time I followed up on a query like that, I'd gotten some delicious juice and jam made from the fruit in question from someone who was grateful for some information (he was starting a company marketing products from a related fruit.)

So I found a time when I was free and called him up to see what it was he wanted. I thought he had some questions about the beneficial phytochemistry. But it seemed more like he just wanted to talk about the fruit, and never really got around to asking any questions. Mostly, he told me about what he was working on, which was totally unrelated to my current research interests.When I tried to ask him about how he managed his agreements to collect and "sustainably harvest" material from Brazil, I got some vague answers about knowing everyone and having worked there for decades. It's not the sort of guarantee I would rely on if I was afraid of biopiracy claims.

It took a while, but I managed to eventually get off the phone. He wanted to send me some samples "to test," even though I know it wouldn't go anywhere in my current program, and I lately I've been a stickler for making sure any plant material that goes into my research needs to be verified as ethically sourced.

Anyway, I wasn't surprised when I never got a package, but I was a little surprised today when I got another email, and he makes it sound as if I'm some back-handed evil monster. I didn't even want his wingnut crap.

From his email:
I'm very concerned about dealing with 'Big Guy's" for fear of being scooped up and piled on the heap of entrepreneurial road kill once a large multi national get's their hands on people like me.  Nothing personal, but I have spent 20+ years doing what I do and about to launch a product in a week and clinical trials soon after.

Ouch, dude. It is sorta personal. You came to me, sought me out, and used one of my mentor's names to get me to respond. And then you make it seem like I'm trying to gobble up your precious invention. Um, OK. I guess we can all breath a sigh of relief now.